Dab tsi yog qhov tshwj xeeb cuam tshuam rau hardness thiab toughness ntawm induction hardened chrome bar?

Yam cuam tshuam rau hardness
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
Chromium cov ntsiab lus: Chromium yog lub ntsiab alloying ntawm induction hardened chrome bar, thiab cov ntsiab lus chromium muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm hardness. Chromium tuaj yeem tsim cov carbides, xws li Cr₇C₃, uas yog dispersed nyob rau hauv lub matrix thiab ua si lub luag hauj lwm ntawm dispersion ntxiv dag zog rau, yog li ua rau hardness. Feem ntau hais lus, qhov siab dua cov ntsiab lus chromium, qhov nyuaj dua. Thaum cov ntsiab lus chromium nce ntawm 12% mus rau 18%, qhov nyuaj ntawm chrome bar yuav nce los ntawm ib ncig ntawm HRC40 rau HRC50-55.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide: Cov pa roj carbon yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau hardness. Thaum lub sij hawm induction hardening txheej txheem, carbon interacts nrog alloying ntsiab xws li chromium los tsim ntau yam carbides. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa roj carbon txaus tuaj yeem ua kom muaj cov txheej txheem siab hardness martensitic tom qab quenching. Piv txwv li, thaum cov ntsiab lus carbon nyob nruab nrab ntawm 0.8% thiab 1.2%, qhov tawv tawv ntawm chrome bar tuaj yeem ncav cuag qib siab, xws li HRC55-65, tom qab induction hardening. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa roj carbon ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau txo cov tawv nqaij thiab nce qhov brittleness ntawm chromium pas nrig.
Lwm yam alloying ntsiab: xws li molybdenum (Mo) thiab vanadium (V) kuj cuam tshuam rau hardness. Molybdenum thiab vanadium tuaj yeem tsim cov carbides ruaj khov thiab zoo dua, xws li Mo₂C, VC, thiab lwm yam. Cov carbides cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm austenite nplej thaum quenching, thiab disperse thiab precipitate thaum lub sij hawm tempering, ua ib tug thib ob hardening nyhuv thiab nce lub hardness ntawm chromium pas nrig. .
Induction hardening txheej txheem parameter
Kev kub ceev thiab kub: Lub cua kub ceev ceev tuaj yeem ua rau chromium pas nrig ncav cuag qhov kub austenitizing nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov nplej zoo austenite. Thaum lub sij hawm induction cua sov txheej txheem, qhov kub cua kub ntau dua (feem ntau 850-950 degree ) tuaj yeem yaj ntau cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab cov hlau alloying rau hauv austenite, tsim cov qauv martensite nyuaj tom qab quenching. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov cua kub kub dhau lawm, nws yuav ua rau cov nplej austenite ntxhib, uas yuav txo qhov hardness.
Txias tus nqi: Tus nqi cua txias plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv hardness. Cov cua txias nrawm tuaj yeem hloov cov austenite rau hauv martensite, yog li ua kom cov tawv tawv. Piv txwv li, dej txias yog sai dua li cov roj txias, thiab qhov hardness ntawm chromium rods tom qab quenching los ntawm dej txias yuav siab dua. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ceev ceev txias kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab loj, ua rau deformation lossis tawg ntawm chromium pas nrig.
Kev kho cua sov tom qab
Tempering kub thiab lub sij hawm: Cov txheej txheem tempering cuam tshuam qhov hardness ntawm chromium pas nrig. Tsawg-kub tempering (150 - 250 degree ) feem ntau tshem tawm quenching kev nyuaj siab thiab muaj me ntsis cuam tshuam rau hardness; thaum kub-kub tempering (550 - 650 degree) decomposes martensite thiab txo hardness. Lub sijhawm tempering ntev dhau los kuj tseem yuav ua rau txo qis, vim tias qib ntawm martensite decomposition thiab carbide aggregation yuav nce ntxiv nrog rau lub sijhawm tempering.
Yam cuam tshuam rau toughness
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
Alloy cov ntsiab lus nickel (Ni) thiab manganese (Mn): Nickel thiab manganese tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov tawv ntawm chromium rods. Lawv tuaj yeem txo qhov kev hloov pauv kub ntawm cov khoom siv, kom cov chromium pas nrig tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo toughness txawm nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Piv txwv li, thaum cov ntsiab lus npib tsib xee nyob ib ncig ntawm 2% - 5%, qhov tawv ntawm chromium pas nrig yuav zoo dua. Manganese tuaj yeem yaj hauv matrix los txhim kho tag nrho cov tawv tawv ntawm chromium pas nrig los ntawm kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov nplej thiab txhim kho cov tawv tawv ntawm matrix.
Kev tswj cov khoom tsis huv: Cov khoom tsis huv xws li sulfur (S) thiab phosphorus (P) yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov tawv. Cov impurities no sib cais ntawm cov ciam teb nplej, txo cov kev sib txuas ntawm cov ciam teb, thiab ua rau cov chromium pas nrig ua rau tawg. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tswj hwm cov ntsiab lus ntawm leej faj thiab phosphorus, thiab feem ntau yuav tsum muaj cov ntsiab lus sulfur tsawg dua {{0}}.03% thiab cov ntsiab lus phosphorus tsawg dua 0.035%.
Induction hardening txheej txheem parameter
Cov cua sov thiab qhov kub thiab txias: Yog tias qhov cua sov ceev dhau los yog qhov kub thiab txias dhau lawm, cov thermal stress loj yuav raug tsim rau hauv chromium pas nrig, thiab cov nplej austenite yuav ntxhib. Cov nplej ntxhib yuav txo qhov tawv ntawm cov khoom vim tias thaj tsam ntawm thaj tsam ntawm cov qoob loo raug txo thiab cov kab nrib pleb yuav nthuav dav. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau tswj xyuas qhov kub thiab txias kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau thiab cov qoob loo loj hlob los txhim kho toughness.
Txoj kev ua kom txias: Txoj kev ua kom txias muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb rau qhov tawv. Yog tias siv txoj kev ua kom txias sai xws li dej txias, txawm tias qhov nyuaj tuaj yeem txhim kho, nws yuav ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab loj thiab txo cov tawv nqaij. Cov kev ua kom txias me me xws li roj txias lossis txias nrog cov tshuaj polymer quenching tuaj yeem txo qis kev ntxhov siab thiab pab txhim kho toughness. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb xws li kev ua kom txias txias lossis isothermal quenching tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub koom haum, kom cov chromium pas nrig tuaj yeem tuav tau zoo toughness thaum tau txais qee qhov hardness.
Kev kho cua sov tom qab
Tempering kev kho mob: Tempering yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb los txhim kho lub toughness ntawm chromium rods. Tempering tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv tsim thaum lub sijhawm quenching thiab kho lub koom haum. Kub-kub tempering (550-650 degree) tuaj yeem decompose cov qauv martensite kom tau txais cov qauv tempered troostite, uas muaj qhov zoo toughness. Lub sijhawm tempering kuj tseem ceeb heev. Kev ncua sij hawm tempering kom raug (xws li 1-3 teev) tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv thiab txhim kho cov tawv nqaij.
Kev kho Cryogenic (yeem): Kev kho Cryogenic tuaj yeem siv los ua ib qho kev pab txhais tau tias txhawm rau txhim kho toughness. Tom qab quenching, chromium pas nrig yog txias rau qhov kub thiab txias (xws li -196 degree ) ntxiv rau hloov cov austenite khaws cia rau hauv martensite, thiab ces tempered. Qhov no tuaj yeem txhim kho lub koom haum, txo tus nqi ntawm cov austenite khaws cia, thiab txhim kho qhov ruaj khov thiab tawv ntawm chromium pas nrig.
Yog tias koj xav paub txog cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb cuam tshuam rau qhov hardness thiab toughness ntawm induction hardened chrome rods, koj tuaj yeem sab laj nrog peb cov kws tshaj lij, peb yuav ua haujlwm rau koj tag nrho 24 teev hauv ib hnub!